II
665.75/76 (031)
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6 (52), 2016
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(dp/dφ)max
.
-
-
/°
,
. 1).
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mp
dp
z − pc
=
⋅ tgα c ,
=
φz − φc mφ
dφ
ω=
,
z,
-
(
i= f(φ),
dxi/d φ = f (φ),
),
.
.
d –
∆φ,
,
2, z (
(°
φ
-
bi
,
.
(
-
,
Нp/Нφ,
z–2 (
,
. [4].
. 1),
/°
ω = (2 - 6) ⋅ 10
(
) ω
2
/°
.
(1,4 - 1,6) ⋅ 10
(
)
2
/°
,
ω = (8 − 12) ⋅ 10
2
:
Ne
.
-
-
,
30
-
.
;
G.
.
-
,
)
-
φ,
.
be (
-
-
,
pi ,
,
. .
(dp/dφ)
,
. 1) [4].
m
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,
,
-
.
-
–
,
-
-
,
.
-
α),
Ве
и Си АДИ, ы
(1)
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. 1),
); mp, mφ –
,
; α –
-
.
,
-
.
6 (52), 2016
я
(
я)
«
P max
.1 –
.2 –
.m–
3
.3–
Pmax;
Pc –
:
я
(
я я
1-m)
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c
P–
Pc max
2
»:
«
я(
);
щ
;
P
»:
(dP/dϕ)max = tgα1;
P,
Pc
я;
m
»
я«
;
я;
-
я.
Pc
1
»
= tgα2;
(dP/dϕ)
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(
я
я
я
1-Pmax)
α2
-60
-40
α1
-20
+20
+40
К
-
σ
Х
σ
O
(
я
)
:
dσ
dϕ
σ dσ dϕ
я;
dσ
dϕ
я.
O
К
x
Х
x
x
dx
dϕ
я:
-
dx
dϕ
я
dx
dϕ
я
-60
-40
я
-20
+20
O
К
+40
ϕ
. 1.
;
-
(
Ве
/°
)
и Си АДИ, ы
6 (52), 2016
mp
dp
⋅ tgα m ,
=
dφ max mφ
ω=
αm –
(2)
,
31
2(
-
. 1).
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-
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,
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,
bцi
bц
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pz
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.).
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-
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,
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:
,
(3)
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= 0,8 - 1,0 [4] .
,
-
[4, 5, 6Ж,
.
,
,
,
. 1).
b Т,
b,
σв =
(
-
,
∆ /∆φ,
-
.
,
.
-
Д4, 6].
Ве
и Си АДИ, ы
-
6 (52), 2016
l0,
L0,
(
/
p = 0,1
(
, gS
p=1
./
,
, ρ,
./
/
.
(
), °
)
/
), °
,µ, /
20 ° ,
Q /l0,
, gC
, gH
, gO
3
.
Q,
/
:
-
-
-
0,855
0,130
0,005
0,01
235
820
180 –
340
650
2,966
2,97
250
14,51
0,500
45
43,3
14,41
0,498
42,8
220 – 240
0,865
0,120
0,005
0,01
230
836
180 –
360
305-2013
504
2,90
17,24
0,658
–
50
430
2,956
15,68
0,564
–
46,35
420
511 (t =
–161,58
° )
0,818
0,182
–
–
44
502
C3H8
–42
0,75
0,25
–
–
16
0,66
CH4)
–161,58
(
-
(
(
450
2,96
15,45
0,550
12
45,75
390
–0,6
0,828
0,172
–
–
58
578
C4H10
)
)
-
(
420
3,03
6,465
0,254
5
19,6
1160
65
0,375
0,125
0,500
–
32
791
)
CH3OH
(
235
2,995
8,98
0,332
8
26,9
910
78
0,822
0,130
0,348
–
46
810
)
C2H5OH
130
3,07
8,98
0,310
> 55
27,6
410
(t = 20
° )
–25
0,522
0,130
0,348
–
46
660
3
(
)
CH3OCH
-
)
–
2,998
12,51
0,432
52 – 56
37,5
–
0,77
0,12
0,11
–
294
882
250 –
350
(
-
–
3,482
34,48
1,69
–
120
–
–252,8
–
–
1
–
2
0,082
H2
1
.2
-
[13].
-
,
.
.
/(
[5-20
pz
φ
∙
)Ж.
2
θ,
(∆ /∆φ)max
2
2
/( ∙
0,5
,
.
φ = 18°
(
1
(
3, 4
-
,
i
5)
Д4].
)
-
.
-
.
.
-
-
-
. . .
i
2),
,
θ
θ.
,
[14].
,
-
.
-
[3].
. 3
-
-
,
.
i
-
Pz
ϕ
Pz
o
.= 31
8,0
Pz
o
23
6,0
ϕ
4,0
P
Pz
17o
.=
9o
. 2.
2,0
-30
-20
-10
.4
10
,
20
30
ο
40 ϕ
(
34
».
. 5
.
. 2
«
6
305-82
50 %
.
;
-
»
,
-
:
«
305-82 [13]
-
)
).
К
«
,
[15].
(
(φ )
0
0
.
,
Ве
и Си АДИ, ы
-
,
-
» Д4Ж
15/18
50 %
Д15, 16Ж
,
-
6 (52), 2016
–
-
[4].
6,3
2
5,6
1
3
4,9
4
. 3.
4,2
:
305-82;
305-82;
104433-75;
1667-71;
1667-71 [14]
« »
«3»
12345-
-1
-2
5
3,5
P
-12
-8
-4
0
4
8
12
16
ϕο
К
P,
P,
1
1
6,0
6,0
3
4,0
2
3
2
4,0
4
4
2,0
2,0
0
ϕ, ο К
0
ϕ, ο К
)
)
P,
P,
1
1
6,0
6,0
2
3
2
3
4,0
4,0
4
4
2,0
2,0
0
ϕ, ο К
0
)
)
. 4.
– 20 %
– 20 %
–15 %
– 15 %
–
.
Ве
и Си АДИ, ы
ϕ, ο К
6 15/18,
+ 78 %
+ 76 %
+ 83 %
+ 81 %
+2%
+4%
+2%
+4%
;
;
;
.
[15]:
: 1 − N= N e ; 2 − N= 0,75 N e ; 3 − N= 0,5 N e ; 4 − N= 0, 25 N e .
6 (52), 2016
35
«
25%
-
+75%
2
»
50%
+50%
75%
+25%
Pc,
4861,6
4861,6
4861,6
4861,5
Pz,
7705,84
7231,54
6336,84
4875,51
Pb,
391,7
399,2
411,2
435,1
Tb,
838,2
853,6
878,5
929,0
Tmax,
1514,03
1493,72
1458,58
1414,33
Pint,
150,3
150,3
150,3
150,3
a
2,67
2,64
2,63
2,61
P,
50 %
50 %
;
-
;
я
-
.
o
69
'
49
o
78
'
33
180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 315 330 345 360 375 390 405 420 435 450 465 480 495 510 525 540
. 5.
6
,
,
.
(
[1, 4, 5].
30 – 50 %
),
)
1.
.
2.
.
. .
− .:
3.
:
. .
. .
4.
. .
36
Ве
, . .
1.
// . .
.− .:
, . .
3.
.
,
,
,
15/18
.
.
:
.
, .
., 2005. − 479 .
.
:
. .
, . .
., 2005. − 414 .
, . .
.−
,
. –
,
. .
,
. .
:
и Си АДИ, ы
/
, 2004. − 344 .
. .
.
//
.
/
,
,
6 (52), 2016
(
172 .
5.
)
», 2012. –
, . .
/
. .
,
. .
,
.
-
. .
, . .
6.
/
−
«
// . .
,
. − . :
., 2008. − 143 .
. .
/
//
. .
-
.18 – 28.
7.
, . .
:
.
, . .,
, 2006. − 80 .
8.
,
. .
,
References
. − 2014. − № 4.
/
. .
. − . :
.− .:
, .
12.
,
,
2004. – 128
13.
/ .
,
.
1967. − 496
14.
.
,
. −
,
.
. 4. −
.
/
:
URL:
.
, 1990. −
/
, 1989. − 80 .
. .
. −
, . .
(
) / . .
, 1969. 304 .
15.
, . .
/ . .
, 1980. 149 .
16.
, . .
//
.
-
.
. .
.
.
.
,
. .
:
.
. …
.
. .
. − . : 1984. − 24 .
9.
http://www.altfuel.ru.
10.
, . .
.
:
/ . .
:
. .- .
89 .
11.
, . .
. .
., 1981. −
/
. : ACT.
, . .
. :
,
.
. −
:
. .
,
. .
,
. :
-
. :
/
.
-
.
.
-
. 37 – 41.
A DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION BY USING
ALTERNATIVE FUELS
V. R. Vedruchenko, V. V. Krainov, E. S. Lazarev,
P. V. Litvinov
Abstract. The short survey and analyze of diesel
operation indexes working on liquid fuels is shown.
The analytic and graphic interpretation of the indicator
diagram, characteristics of fuel injection and heat release, harshness of working cycle are given. The in-
Ве
и Си АДИ, ы
fluence of standard and alternative fuel types on diesel operation parameters is analyzed by experimenting on a high-speed diesel engine test bench. The
results of diesel tests on diesel fuel and liquefied oil
gas mixes are examined. The modelling results of
diesel working on a mix of liquefied oil gas and standard diesel fuel are analyzed.
Keywords: indicator process, diesel fuel, alternative fuel, indicator diagram, fuel supply and heat release.
6 (52), 2016
1. Lukanin, V. N. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya. Kniga 1. Teoriya rabochih processov / Uchebnik
dlya vuzov // V. N. Lukanin, M. G. SHatrov, T. YU.
Krichevskaya i dr. M.: Vyssh. shk., 2005. 479 s.
2. Lukanin, V. N. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya. Kniga 3. Komp'yuternyj praktikum. Modelirovanie processov v DVS / Uchebnik dlya vuzov // V. N.
Lukanin, M. G. SHatrov, T. YU. Krichevskaya i dr. M.:
Vyssh. shk., 2005. 414 s.
3. Sharoglazov, B. A. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya: teoriya, modelirovanie i raschet processov / B.
A. SHaroglazov, M. F. Farafontov, V. V. Klemen't'ev.
CHelyabinsk, YUUrGU, 2004. 344 s.
4. Vedruchenko, V. R. Al'ternativnye vidy topliva
dlya sudovyh dizelej / V. R. Vedruchenko, I. I. Malahov. Omsk, Omskij institut vodnogo transporta (filial)
FBOU VPO «NGAVT». 2012. 172 s.
5. Fofanov, G. A. Al'ternativnye vidy topliva na
podvizhnom sostave zheleznodorozhnogo transporta /
Trudy VNIIZHTa // G. A. Fofanov, D. N. Grigorovich,
A. S. Nestrahov. M.: Nauchno-issledovatel'skij in-t
zh.d. transp., 2008. 143 s.
6. Vedruchenko, V. R. Razrabotka priblizhennoj
matematicheskoj modeli svyazi processov vpryska i
sgo-raniya topliva v dizel'nyh ehnergeticheskih
ustanovkah lokomotivov / V. R. Vedruchenko, V. V.
Krajnov, E. S. Lazarev // Izvestiya Transsiba. Omskij
gos. un-t putej soobshcheniya. Omsk. 2014. № 4.
S.18 – 28.
7. Albaev, A. R. Proizvodstvo i primenenie biodizelya: spravochnoe posobie / A. R. Al-baev, F. M.
Gumerov, V. G., Semenov i dr. M.: APR i PPRO,
2006. 80 s.
8. Alejnikov, Yu. P. Povyshenie ehnergoehkologicheskih
pokazatelej
dizelej
zheleznodorozhnogo transporta primeneniem sinteticheskih
spirtov: avtoref. diss. kand. tekhn. nauk / YU. P.
Alejnikov. M.: 1984. 24 s.
9. Al'ternativnye
vidy
topliva:
URL:
http://www.altfuel.ru.
10. Vedruchenko, V. R. Toplivoispol'zovanie v
teplovoznyh dvigatelyah. Sistemnye me-tody issledovanij: uchebnoe posobie / V. R. Vedruchenko. Omsk:
Omskij in-t inzh. zh.-d. transporta, 1990. 89 s.
11. Erofeev, V. L. Ispol'zovanie perspektivnyh
topliv v sudovyh ehnergeticheskih ustanovkah / V. L.
Erofeev. L.: Sudostroenie, 1989. 80 s.
12. Emel'yanov,
V.
E.
Al'ternativnye
ehkologicheski chistye vidy topliva dlya avtomobi-lej:
svojstva, raznovidnosti, primenenie / V. E. Emel'yanov,
I. F. Krylov. M.: ACT. Ast-rel', 2004. 128 s.
37
(
13. Arhangel'skij, V. M. Avtomobil'nye dvigateli /
V. M. Arhangel'skij, M. M. Vihert, A. N. Voinov, YU. A.
Stepanov. M.:Mashinostroenie, 1967. 496 s.
14. Handov, Z. A. Sudovye dvigateli vnutrennego
sgoraniya (teoriya) / Z. A. Handov. M. Transport,
1969. 304 s.
15. Mamedova, M. D. Rabota dizelya na szhizhennom
gaze
/
M.
E.
Mamedova.
M.:
Mashinostroenie, 1980.149 s.
16. Vedruchenko, V. R. Metodika indicirovaniya
sredneoborotnogo sudovogo dizelya / V. R.
Vedruchenko // Peredovoj opyt i novaya tekhnika. CB
NTI MRF. Vyp. 4. M., 1981. S. 37 – 41.
)–
(
,
(644046, .
, .
e-mail: vedruchenko@mail.ru).
,
(
Victor R. Vedruchenko (Omsk, Russian Federation) – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Heat Energy, Omsk State Transport University (644046, Marks avenue, 35, Omsk, e-mail:
vedruchenko@mail.ru).
-
Vasily V. Krainov (Omsk, Russian federation) –,
Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department Of Heat Energy, Omsk State Transport University (644046, Marks avenue, 35, Omsk, email: KrainovVV@omgups.ru).
)-
Yevgeny S. Lazarev (Omsk, Russian Federation)
– Lector, Department of Heat Energy, Omsk State
Transport University (644046, Marks avenue, 35,
Omsk, e-mail Incoe@yandex.ru).
,
,
,
(644046, .
35, e-mail: Incoe@yandex.ru).
,
)–
,
(644046, .
, 35, e-mail: p_vasilich55@mail.ru).
.
, 35,
(
,
,
(644046, .
, 35, e-mail: KrainovVV@omgups.ru).
,
.
Pavel V. Litvinov (Omsk, Russian Federation) –
post graduate student of the Heat Energy Department
of the Omsk State Transport University (644046,
Marks
avenue,
35,
Omsk,
e-mail:
p_vasilich55@mail.ru).
) –
.
,
656.05
"
. .
А
«
, . .
(
и .
,
И
.
,
-
,
,
,
-
«
,
.
,
,
.
».
,
-
,
,
,
-
,
.
-
-
.
К
-
-
,
.
38
, . .
)», .
"
е ые
,
:
«
-
,
Ве
,
».
.
и Си АДИ, ы
,
-
6 (52), 2016
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